论语英文版The Analects Chapter 9

The subjects of which the Master seldom spoke1 were-profitableness,and also the appointments of Heaven, and perfect virtue2.

A man of the village of Ta-hsiang said, "Great indeed is the philosopherK'ung! His learning is extensive, and yet he does not render his namefamous by any particular thing."The Master heard the observation, and said to his disciples3, "Whatshall I practice? Shall I practice charioteering, or shall I practicearchery? I will practice charioteering."The Master said, "The linen4 cap is that prescribed by the rules ofceremony, but now a silk one is worn. It is economical, and I followthe common practice.

"The rules of ceremony prescribe the bowing below the hall, but nowthe practice is to bow only after ascending5 it. That is arrogant6.

I continue to bow below the hall, though I oppose the common practice."There were four things from which the Master was entirely7 free. Hehad no foregone conclusions, no arbitrary predeterminations, no obstinacy,and no egoism.

The Master was put in fear in K'wang.

He said, "After the death of King Wan8, was not the cause of truthlodged here in me?

"If Heaven had wished to let this cause of truth perish, then I, afuture mortal! should not have got such a relation to that cause.

While Heaven does not let the cause of truth perish, what can thepeople of K'wang do to me?"A high officer asked Tsze-kung, saying, "May we not say that yourMaster is a sage9? How various is his ability!"Tsze-kung said, "Certainly Heaven has endowed him unlimitedly10. Heis about a sage. And, moreover, his ability is various."The Master heard of the conversation and said, "Does the high officerknow me? When I was young, my condition was low, and I acquired myability in many things, but they were mean matters. Must the superiorman have such variety of ability? He does not need variety of ability.

Lao said, "The Master said, 'Having no official employment, I acquiredmany arts.'"The Master said, "Am I indeed possessed11 of knowledge? I am not knowing.

But if a mean person, who appears quite empty-like, ask anything ofme, I set it forth12 from one end to the other, and exhaust it."The Master said, "The Fang13 bird does not come; the river sends forthno map:-it is all over with me!"When the Master saw a person in a mourning dress, or any one withthe cap and upper and lower garments of full dress, or a blind person,on observing them approaching, though they were younger than himself,he would rise up, and if he had to pass by them, he would do so hastily.

Yen14 Yuan, in admiration15 of the Master's doctrines16, sighed and said,"I looked up to them, and they seemed to become more high; I triedto penetrate17 them, and they seemed to become more firm; I looked atthem before me, and suddenly they seemed to be behind.

"The Master, by orderly method, skillfully leads men on. He enlargedmy mind with learning, and taught me the restraints of propriety18.

"When I wish to give over the study of his doctrines, I cannot doso, and having exerted all my ability, there seems something to standright up before me; but though I wish to follow and lay hold of it,I really find no way to do so."The Master being very ill, Tsze-lu wished the disciples to act asministers to him.

During a remission of his illness, he said, "Long has the conductof Yu been deceitful! By pretending to have ministers when I havethem not, whom should I impose upon? Should I impose upon Heaven?

"Moreover, than that I should die in the hands of ministers, is itnot better that I should die in the hands of you, my disciples? Andthough I may not get a great burial, shall I die upon the road?"Tsze-kung said, "There is a beautiful gem19 here. Should I lay it upin a case and keep it? or should I seek for a good price and sellit?" The Master said, "Sell it! Sell it! But I would wait for oneto offer the price."The Master was wishing to go and live among the nine wild tribes ofthe east.

Some one said, "They are rude. How can you do such a thing?" The Mastersaid, "If a superior man dwelt among them, what rudeness would therebe?"The Master said, "I returned from Wei to Lu, and then the music wasreformed, and the pieces in the Royal songs and Praise songs all foundtheir proper places."The Master said, "Abroad, to serve the high ministers and nobles;at home, to serve one's father and elder brothers; in all duties tothe dead, not to dare not to exert one's self; and not to be overcomeof wine:-which one of these things do I attain20 to?"The Master standing21 by a stream, said, "It passes on just like this,not ceasing day or night!"The Master said, "I have not seen one who loves virtue as he lovesbeauty."The Master said, "The prosecution22 of learning may be compared to whatmay happen in raising a mound23. If there want but one basket of earthto complete the work, and I stop, the stopping is my own work. Itmay be compared to throwing down the earth on the level ground. Thoughbut one basketful is thrown at a time, the advancing with it my owngoing forward."The Master said, "Never flagging when I set forth anything to him;-ah!

that is Hui." The Master said of Yen Yuan, "Alas24! I saw his constantadvance. I never saw him stop in his progress."The Master said, "There are cases in which the blade springs, butthe plant does not go on to flower! There are cases where it flowersbut fruit is not subsequently produced!"The Master said, "A youth is to be regarded with respect. How do weknow that his future will not be equal to our present? If he reachthe age of forty or fifty, and has not made himself heard of, thenindeed he will not be worth being regarded with respect."The Master said, "Can men refuse to assent25 to the words of strictadmonition? But it is reforming the conduct because of them whichis valuable. Can men refuse to be pleased with words of gentle advice?

But it is unfolding their aim which is valuable. If a man be pleasedwith these words, but does not unfold their aim, and assents26 to those,but does not reform his conduct, I can really do nothing with him."The Master said, "Hold faithfulness and sincerity27 as first principles.

Have no friends not equal to yourself. When you have faults, do notfear to abandon them."The Master said, "The commander of the forces of a large state maybe carried off, but the will of even a common man cannot be takenfrom him."The Master said, "Dressed himself in a tattered28 robe quilted withhemp, yet standing by the side of men dressed in furs, and not ashamed;-ah!

it is Yu who is equal to this!

"He dislikes none, he covets29 nothing;-what can he do but what is good!"Tsze-lu kept continually repeating these words of the ode, when theMaster said, "Those things are by no means sufficient to constituteperfect excellence30."The Master said, "When the year becomes cold, then we know how thepine and the cypress31 are the last to lose their leaves."The Master said, "The wise are free from perplexities; the virtuousfrom anxiety; and the bold from fear."The Master said, "There are some with whom we may study in common,but we shall find them unable to go along with us to principles. Perhapswe may go on with them to principles, but we shall find them unableto get established in those along with us. Or if we may get so establishedalong with them, we shall find them unable to weigh occurring eventsalong with us.""How the flowers of the aspen-plum flutter and turn! Do I not thinkof you? But your house is distant."The Master said, "It is the want of thought about it. How is it distant?"

子罕篇第九

9.1 子罕言利与命与仁。

9.2 达巷党人曰：“大哉孔子!博学而无所成名。”子闻之，谓门弟子曰：“吾何执?执御乎?执射乎?吾执御矣。”

9.3 子曰：“麻冕，礼也;今也纯，俭，吾从众。拜下，礼也;今拜乎上，泰也。虽违众，吾从下。”

9.4 子绝四：毋意，毋必，毋固，毋我。

9.5 子畏于匡，曰：“文王既没，文不在兹乎?天之将丧斯文也，后死者不得与于斯文也;天之未丧斯文也，匡人其如予何?”

9.6 太宰问于子贡曰：“夫子圣者与?何其多能也?”子贡曰：“固天纵之将圣，又多能也。”子闻之，曰：“太宰知我乎!吾少也贱，故多能鄙事。君子多乎哉?不多也。”

9.7 牢曰：“子云：‘吾不试，故艺。’”

9.8 子曰：“吾有知乎哉?无知也。有鄙夫问于我，空空如也。我叩其两端而竭焉。”

9.9 子曰：“凤鸟不至，河不出图，吾已矣夫!”

9.10 子见齐衰者、冕衣裳者与瞽者，见之，虽少，必作;过之，必趋。

9.11 颜渊喟然叹曰：“仰之弥高，钻之弥坚。瞻之在前，忽焉在后。夫子循循然善诱之，博我以文，约我以礼，欲罢不能。既竭吾才，如有所立卓尔。虽欲从之。末由也矣。”

9.12 子疾病，子路使门人为臣。病间。曰：“久矣哉，由之行诈也!无臣而为有臣。吾谁欺?欺天乎?且予与其死于臣之手也，无宁死于二三子之手乎?且予纵不得大葬，予死于道路乎?”

9.13 子贡曰：“有美玉于斯，韫椟而藏诸?求善贾而沽诸?”子曰：“沽之哉!沽之哉!我待贾者也。”

9.14 子欲居九夷。或曰：“陋，如之何?”子曰：“君子居之，何陋之有?”

9.15 子曰：“吾自卫反鲁，然后乐正，《雅》《颂》各得其所。”

9.16 子曰：“出则事公卿，入则事父兄，丧事不敢不勉，不为酒困，何有于我哉?”

9.17 子在川上曰：“逝者如斯夫!不舍昼夜。”

9.18 子曰：“吾未见好德如好色者也。”

9.19 子曰：“譬如为山，未成一篑，止，吾止也。譬如平地，虽覆一篑，进，吾往也。”

9.20 子曰：“语之而不惰者，其回也与!”

9.21 子谓颜渊曰：“惜乎!吾见其进也，未见其止也。”

9.22 子曰：“苗而不秀者有矣夫!秀而不实者有矣夫!”

9.23 子曰：“后生可畏，焉知来者之不如今也?四十、五十而无闻焉，斯亦不足畏也已。”

9.24 子曰：“法语之言，能无从乎?改之为贵。巽与之言，能无说乎?绎之为贵。说而不绎，从而不改，吾未如之何也已矣。”

9.25 子曰：“主忠信，毋友不如已者，过则勿惮改。”

9.26 子曰：“三军可夺帅也，匹夫不可夺志也。”

9.27 子曰：“衣敝緼袍，与衣狐貉者立，而不耻者，其由也与?‘不忮不求，何用不臧?’”子路终身诵之。子曰：“是道也，何足以臧?”

9.28 子曰：“岁寒，然后知松柏之后凋也。”

9.29 子曰：“知者不惑，仁者不忧，勇者不惧。”

9.30 子曰：“可与共学，未可与适道;可与适道，未可与立;可与立，未可与权。”

9.31 “唐棣之华，偏其反而。岂不尔思?室是远而。”子曰：“未之思也，夫何远之有?”

1 spoke

n.(车轮的)辐条;轮辐;破坏某人的计划;阻挠某人的行动 v.讲，谈(speak的过去式);说;演说;从某种观点来说

参考例句：

They sourced the spoke nuts from our company.他们的轮辐螺帽是从我们公司获得的。

The spokes of a wheel are the bars that connect the outer ring to the centre.辐条是轮子上连接外圈与中心的条棒。

2 virtue

n.德行，美德;贞操;优点;功效，效力

参考例句：

He was considered to be a paragon of virtue.他被认为是品德尽善尽美的典范。

You need to decorate your mind with virtue.你应该用德行美化心灵。

3 disciples

n.信徒( disciple的名词复数 );门徒;耶稣的信徒;(尤指)耶稣十二门徒之一

参考例句：

Judas was one of the twelve disciples of Jesus. 犹大是耶稣十二门徒之一。 来自《简明英汉词典》

"The names of the first two disciples were --" “最初的两个门徒的名字是——” 来自英汉文学 - 汤姆历险

4 linen

n.亚麻布，亚麻线，亚麻制品;adj.亚麻布制的，亚麻的

参考例句：

The worker is starching the linen.这名工人正在给亚麻布上浆。

Fine linen and cotton fabrics were known as well as wool.精细的亚麻织品和棉织品像羊毛一样闻名遐迩。

5 ascending

adj.上升的，向上的

参考例句：

Now draw or trace ten dinosaurs in ascending order of size.现在按照体型由小到大的顺序画出或是临摹出10只恐龙。

6 arrogant

adj.傲慢的，自大的

参考例句：

You've got to get rid of your arrogant ways.你这骄傲劲儿得好好改改。

People are waking up that he is arrogant.人们开始认识到他很傲慢。

7 entirely

ad.全部地，完整地;完全地，彻底地

参考例句：

The fire was entirely caused by their neglect of duty. 那场火灾完全是由于他们失职而引起的。

His life was entirely given up to the educational work. 他的一生统统献给了教育工作。

8 wan

(wide area network)广域网

参考例句：

The shared connection can be an Ethernet,wireless LAN,or wireless WAN connection.提供共享的网络连接可以是以太网、无线局域网或无线广域网。

9 sage

n.圣人，哲人;adj.贤明的，明智的

参考例句：

I was grateful for the old man's sage advice.我很感激那位老人贤明的忠告。

The sage is the instructor of a hundred ages.这位哲人是百代之师。

10 unlimitedly

无限地，无例外地

参考例句：

Food will be supplied unlimitedly in that area. 该地区的食品供应将不受限制。

The bytes can be unlimitedly sent or received during the bus transfer operation. 在总线传送操作期间，字节可以无限发送或接收。

11 possessed

adj.疯狂的;拥有的，占有的

参考例句：

He flew out of the room like a man possessed.他像着了魔似地猛然冲出房门。

He behaved like someone possessed.他行为举止像是魔怔了。

12 forth

adv.向前;向外，往外

参考例句：

The wind moved the trees gently back and forth.风吹得树轻轻地来回摇晃。

He gave forth a series of works in rapid succession.他很快连续发表了一系列的作品。

13 fang

n.尖牙，犬牙

参考例句：

Look how the bone sticks out of the flesh like a dog's fang.瞧瞧,这根骨头从肉里露出来，象一只犬牙似的。

The green fairy's fang thrusting between his lips.绿妖精的尖牙从他的嘴唇里龇出来。

14 yen

n. 日元;热望

参考例句：

He wanted to convert his dollars into Japanese yen.他想将美元换成日币。

He has a yen to be alone in a boat.他渴望独自呆在一条船上。

15 admiration

n.钦佩，赞美，羡慕

参考例句：

He was lost in admiration of the beauty of the scene.他对风景之美赞不绝口。

We have a great admiration for the gold medalists.我们对金牌获得者极为敬佩。

16 doctrines

n.教条( doctrine的名词复数 );教义;学说;(政府政策的)正式声明

参考例句：

To modern eyes, such doctrines appear harsh, even cruel. 从现代的角度看，这样的教义显得苛刻，甚至残酷。 来自《简明英汉词典》

His doctrines have seduced many into error. 他的学说把许多人诱入歧途。 来自《现代汉英综合大词典》

17 penetrate

v.透(渗)入;刺入，刺穿;洞察，了解

参考例句：

Western ideas penetrate slowly through the East.西方观念逐渐传入东方。

The sunshine could not penetrate where the trees were thickest.阳光不能透入树木最浓密的地方。

18 propriety

n.正当行为;正当;适当

参考例句：

We hesitated at the propriety of the method.我们对这种办法是否适用拿不定主意。

The sensitive matter was handled with great propriety.这件机密的事处理得极为适当。

19 gem

n.宝石，珠宝;受爱戴的人 [同]jewel

参考例句：

The gem is beyond my pocket.这颗宝石我可买不起。

The little gem is worth two thousand dollars.这块小宝石价值两千美元。

20 attain

vt.达到，获得，完成

参考例句：

I used the scientific method to attain this end. 我用科学的方法来达到这一目的。

His painstaking to attain his goal in life is praiseworthy. 他为实现人生目标所下的苦功是值得称赞的。

21 standing

n.持续，地位;adj.永久的，不动的，直立的，不流动的

参考例句：

After the earthquake only a few houses were left standing.地震过后只有几幢房屋还立着。

They're standing out against any change in the law.他们坚决反对对法律做任何修改。

22 prosecution

n.起诉，告发，检举，执行，经营

参考例句：

The Smiths brought a prosecution against the organizers.史密斯家对组织者们提出起诉。

He attempts to rebut the assertion made by the prosecution witness.他试图反驳原告方证人所作的断言。

23 mound

n.土墩，堤，小山;v.筑堤，用土堆防卫

参考例句：

The explorers climbed a mound to survey the land around them.勘探者爬上土丘去勘测周围的土地。

The mound can be used as our screen.这个土丘可做我们的掩蔽物。

24 alas

int.唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等)

参考例句：

Alas!The window is broken!哎呀!窗子破了!

Alas,the truth is less romantic.然而，真理很少带有浪漫色彩。

25 assent

v.批准，认可;n.批准，认可

参考例句：

I cannot assent to what you ask.我不能应允你的要求。

The new bill passed by Parliament has received Royal Assent.议会所通过的新方案已获国王批准。

26 assents

同意，赞同( assent的名词复数 )

参考例句：

27 sincerity

n.真诚，诚意;真实

参考例句：

His sincerity added much more authority to the story.他的真诚更增加了故事的说服力。

He tried hard to satisfy me of his sincerity.他竭力让我了解他的诚意。

28 tattered

adj.破旧的，衣衫破的

参考例句：

Her tattered clothes in no way detracted from her beauty.她的破衣烂衫丝毫没有影响她的美貌。

Their tattered clothing and broken furniture indicated their poverty.他们褴褛的衣服和破烂的家具显出他们的贫穷。

29 covets

v.贪求，觊觎( covet的第三人称单数 )

参考例句：

It is the kind of TV news coverage every president covets. 所有总统都垂涎这类电视新闻报导。 来自互联网

She covets her sister's house. 她对她姐姐的房子垂涎三尺。 来自互联网

30 excellence

n.优秀，杰出，(pl.)优点，美德

参考例句：

His art has reached a high degree of excellence.他的艺术已达到炉火纯青的地步。

My performance is far below excellence.我的表演离优秀还差得远呢。

31 cypress

n.柏树

参考例句：

The towering pine and cypress trees defy frost and snow.松柏参天傲霜雪。

The pine and the cypress remain green all the year round.苍松翠柏，常绿不凋。